Essay about Enron Who was at fault - 1664 Words

Most of the world has heard of Enron, the American, mega-energy company that â€Å"cooked† their books (Gupta, Weirich Turner, 2013) and cost their investors billions of dollars in lost earnings and retirement funds. While much of the controversy surrounding the Enron scandal focused on the losses of investors, unethical practices of executives and questionable accounting tactics, there were many others within close proximity to the turmoil. It begs the question- who was really at fault and what has been done to prevent it from happening again? The story of Enron begins in 1985, with the merger of two pipeline companies, orchestrated by a man named Kenneth L. Lay (Zellner Forest, 2001). In its 15 years of existence, Enron expanded its†¦show more content†¦Based on these inflated numbers, Enron funded management bonuses as a percent of reported net income, subject to decrease if management failed to meet goals for earnings per share (EPS). By establishing this type of bonus plan, the board essentially put out the word that company success was based on growth in earnings and EPS was to be the first priority. Managers and employees were encouraged to concentrate on producing as much accounting profit as possible (Stewart, 2006). This way of thinking became an underlying issue to the failure of Enron. Numbers became the ultimate goal, which led to tunnel vision and lack of ethical standards and reporting among those on the inside. While the unethical decisions made by key Enron executives aided in the downfall of the company, they are not the only parties at fault in one of the largest corporate fraud scandals in history (Hayes Ariail, 2013). In the world of business, there are other internal controls in place to help insure that the rules are being adhered to. One of these controls is in the form of a company’s Board of Directors. One of the legal duties of board members is the duty of care. This requirement in and of itself means that board members have a legal obligation to ensure that company executives carry out their responsibilities in compliance with the law (Hartman, DesJardins MacDonald, 2014). However, Enron’s Executives and Board of Directors wereShow MoreRelatedEnron: Need To Be Stricter Regulations And Accountability1188 Words   |  5 PagesThere are a number of appalling facets about the 2005 documentary Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room. This film details the rise and collapse of one of the most successful companies in modern times in the United States, and demonstrates a culture of debauchery that seemingly extended beyond its doors to encompass aspects of politics, legislation, banking, and general accounting principles and practices. In that respect, it is not without difficulty that the prudent viewer can determine just whatRead MoreEnron, The Natural Gas Provider Essay923 Words   |  4 Pages Enron, the natural gas provider turned trader of natural gas commodities and in 1994, electric, was once touted as the seventh largest company in America. Kenneth Lay, founder, began changing Enron from just a provider into a financial energy powerhouse. Lay took advantage of the dot-com boom of the late 1990’s by creating Enron Online, an internet trading platform. Internet stocks were valued at astronomical prices and were all the rage on wall street, who accepted the increasing prices as normalRead MoreThe Rise and Fall of Enron1532 Words   |  6 PagesMost of the world has heard of Enron, the American, mega-energy company that â€Å"cooked their books† ( ) and cost their investors billions of dollars in lost earnings and retirement funds. While much of the controversy surrounding the Enron scandal focused on the losses of investors, unethical practices of executives and questionable accounting tactics, there were many others within close proximity to the turmoil. It begs the question- who was really at fault and what has been done to prevent it fromRead MoreThe Ethics Of The Enron Scandal861 Words   |  4 Pagesmodern American history filed for bankruptcy. Enron, a seemingly invulnerable company would eventually provoke sweeping changes in regulation that controls the management and accounting of public companies even to this day. The Enron scandal has come to be known as one of the prime audit failures of all time and serves as a classic example of corporate greed and corruption. However, for the generat ion that watched in horror as corporations such as Enron fell along with the stock market, this scandalRead MoreThe Enron Scandal Of A Company1193 Words   |  5 Pageswell. What if this company falsifies their records and in a couple of days the company and its stock value go from $90 per share to just a penny per share. You lose your money just because a company cheated and stole your money. This is what the Enron scandal did to thousands of people. It could have been stopped if more forensic accountants in the world are checking on the companies. This way they don’t lie about their stock value. Forensic accountants are in charge of checking business financialRead MoreManagerial Ethics: Enron Case Study1392 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The book The Smartest Guys in the Room describes the Enron fraud case. Enron, the Houston-based energy trading company committed systematic fraud over the course of several years before finally being subject to investigation. Ultimately, the company was shut down and the principals were prosecuted. There is, in essence, no real ethical dilemma in the Enron case. A true ethical dilemma would have a dilemma component, whereas Enron was outright criminal behavior from the outset. NeverthelessRead MoreEnron : The Collapse Of Enron1644 Words   |  7 PagesEnron was once one of the world s leading energy companies by reshaping the way natural gas and electricity were bought and sold. They filed the largest corporate bankruptcy in American history in 2001. Enron Corporation was an energy company running out of Texas that was started when two companies, Houston Natural Gas and InterNorth, merged together in 1985. By 1992, Enron became the largest seller of natural gas in North America an d began to offer other services like wholesaler trading and riskRead MoreCorporate Fraud975 Words   |  4 PagesCorporate FraudÂ…when you hear those words the first, most recent incident, many think of is The Enron Scandal. This same scandal produced the Public Company Accounting Reform and Investor Protection Act of 2002. This much needed act created the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board under the Security Exchange Commission s supervision. This board sets accounting standards and investigates Certified Public Accountants and companies to ensure they are following the guidelines set forth. ThisRead MoreThe Smartest Guys At The Room : The Amazing Rise And Scandalous Fall Of Enron1654 Words   |  7 PagesIn the Room† the amazing rise and scandalous fall of Enron goes into great detail of what happens when a company has no ethics. It could be said that ethics was the last thing on the minds of the executives that worked at Enron. People employed at Enron cared about two things the stock price of the company, and the money they could put in their own pockets. This was what caused the fall of one of the biggest energy companies in the U.S†¦ Enron failing did not happen overnight it took years for allRead MoreThe Enron Conglomerate : The Fourth Greatest Income Earning Corporation1430 Words   |  6 PagesThe Enron Conglomerate was established in 1985 from its command center located in Houston, Texas which is the seventh greatest income earning corporation in the U.S. The first scandal that Enron suffered from was from a merge they made with Valhalla which is a small oil trading corporation centered in New York. A group of traders maxed out its trading limits costing Enron millions of dollars. Kenneth Lay was the CEO of Enron but partnered with Louis Borget. He began manipulating the accounting books

Islam, Terrorism, Jihad and Media Essay - 1757 Words

Islam, Terrorism, Jihad and Media A bomb goes off in a marketplace in Tel Aviv. A suicide bomber launches himself in a bus full of people in the street of Baghdad. Foreign tourists get massacred at a holiday resort in Nairobi, Kenya. This can go on and on. We all have heard this kind of pathetic news in the media. These kinds of incidents are widely known as Islamic terrorism according to the western media. All such incidents have come to be identified with the religion of Islam. Such incidents from past and present have undoubtedly affected Muslims worldwide and more so in the West. Any Muslim, who wants to practice his/her religion and expresses the pious desire to live under the umbrella of Islam, is labeled a fundamentalist or†¦show more content†¦The answer is simple. Such actions, if not sanctioned by the religion, have no place in Islam. They are not Islamic and should not be thought of as Islamic. The word jihad sends shivers down the spines of many Westerners. It readily comes to their mind that this term is associated with violence and oppression. However, it must be said that the meaning of jihad, as a holy war, is something which is totally foreign and not from Islam. By simply looking into the sources of Islam, one will be able to know that the true meaning of jihad is to strive/make effort in the way of Allah. Thus striving in the way of Allah can be both peaceful and physical. The Prophet Muhammad (saws) said: quot;The best jihad is (by) the one who strives against his own self for Allah, The Mighty and Majesticquot; In the Quran, Allah also says: quot;So obey not the disbelievers, but make a great jihad (effort) against them (by preaching) with it (the Quran)quot; (Surah Al-Furqan 25:52) By controlling and fighting against ones desires, the Muslims can then also physically exert themselves in the path of Allah. It is this physical or combative jihad, which receives so much criticism. Because of the sheer ignorance of this type of jihad, Islam is regarded as terror, and Muslims are regarded as terrorists. However, the very purpose of this physical jihad is to raise the word of Allah uppermost. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Anyone whoShow MoreRelatedTerrorism, I Am A Muslim And I Am Against It1461 Words   |  6 Pagesreceive their recompense from their Lord. They have nothing to fear, nor will they grieve† This is how Islam inculcates Muslims not to judge others, because obviously it’s the Lord who does that. Despite this verse and many other verses in Quran which promote for peace and love among humans, still people combine Islam with terror. I have seen many false allegations about Islam in the media. All that made me wonder, did I understand my religion wrong? What really interests me is whenever I lookRead MoreTerrorism And The Terrorist Threat Essay1567 Words   |  7 Pagesweapons and pilotless drowns could achieve without counterproductive political effects.† (Townshend) And to further compound the issues within counterterrorism, views regarding Islamist terrorism appear to be divided even among the experts. Bruce Hoffman and Marc Sageman, two of America’s leading theorists on terrorism and counterterrorism, held opposite views on how to deal with the Islamist terrorist threat, which erupted into a significant debate between the two in 2008. While Hoffman stressed thatRead MoreJihad : The World Is Mindful Of The Term `` Jihad ``1407 Words   |  6 Pagesworld yet controversial, the world is mindful of the term â€Å"Jihad†. The term has been coined and implemented negatively by the extremists in the name of Islam resulting in a shaken misbalance in the Islamic as well as in the rest of the world. In the light of recent events, the Arabic word â€Å"Jihad† has gained vital attention. The reason I chose this word is to make a little effort providing true and basic insight of jihad as described in Islam. Most people are aware of th is term, use and criticize itRead MoreThe Art of Jihad Documentary1598 Words   |  7 Pages1/11/2011 â€Å"The Art of Jihad† Documentaries have a huge impact on one’s thoughts and beliefs. The Art of Jihad is one of the most interesting documentaries I have ever seen. It is about three American artists discussing the stereotypes about Islam especially in USA, and how they try to reveal the actual meaning of Islam through their works. Non-Muslim people, especially non-Arabs, do not know the real meaning of Islam. These people always misjudge Muslims and think that Islam tells us not to be peacefulRead MoreEssay on The Terrorists Attack on the World Trade Centre in New York1205 Words   |  5 Pageswestern concept about Islam and Muslims. Moreover, Islamic concept â€Å"Jihad† is criticized and it is questioned among Non-Muslims. 9/11 attack not only effects non-Muslims but also the Muslims who have no connections with the terrorist groups. As well as they do not support these terrorism. These Muslims face the hatred of the non-western people. They feel guilty about the Sin, they neither commi t nor support. After 9/11, The Muslims all over the world called as terrorist and Islam is considered as religionRead MoreReligious Terrorism : Islamic Terrorism1586 Words   |  7 PagesHonors December 2, 2016 Religious Terrorism Terrorism is defined as the use of violence and threats to intimidate or coerce, especially for political purposes. In other words terrorism is not a good thing. There are numerous types of terrorisms. Some are terrorists for political reasons, some are terrorists for religious reasons, and some are terrorists simply because they are out of their mind. Religious terrorism is one of the fastest growing types of terrorisms today. According to a survey doneRead MoreIt Is Absolutely Certain That The Current Political Climate1684 Words   |  7 Pagespeople. A substantial amount of this hatred and discrimination is toward Muslim Americans and is known as Islamophobia. Islamophobia has always been prevalent in the United States with reasoning ranging from colorism to the idea that the religion of Islam and Muslim people are just too â€Å"different† from what an American â€Å"should† be. Unfortunately, Islamophobia in the U.S. drastically increased after 9/11 and the discrimination and prejudice is still just as harmful if not more harmful than it was 16Read MoreChristianity and Islam Essay948 Words   |  4 PagesChristianity and Islam are the two largest religions in the world, founded upon the principal belief that there is one God who created the world. Nevertheless, both ideologies have their own accounts that have contradicted each other since their beginnings. As time changed these religious sects have undergone a numerous number of events that question their validity and have led to controversy in recent years. Unequivocally both sects differ in many significant fragments of their doctrinesRead MoreThe Positive and Negative Impact of the Portrayal of Religion1108 Words   |  4 PagesThe portrayal of religion has had both a negative and positive impact. When people hear about religion, they either cringe at the fact of following outdated rules and norms, or issues that deal with politics and the media. The two most popular religions, Islam and Christianity, must be analysed to identify what religion is. While further examining these closely, a finite argument can be made that religion is unfavourable for the modern society. Our society holds the key main ingredients to theRead MoreIslamic Misinterpretations and Suicide Attacks1160 Words   |  5 PagesIslam is not just a religion or system of theological thought, but it is the primary source for creating legal norms, guidelines, and demands in order to adhere and devote one’s life to Islam. Islamic doctrine delineates between acts of martyrdom and what the Western world describes as terrorism. Islamic jus in bello, or the laws of waging war, clearly outlines actions that can and cannot be justified according to Islam when engaged in war. Historical Islamic definitions of jihad in modern society

A Strange Man of Many Talents Essay Example For Students

A Strange Man of Many Talents Essay Cadyn AllenApril 1, 1999CP English IVMs. WadeA Strange Man of Many TalentsLewis Carroll by todays standards would be considered a weirdo. Alices Adventures in Wonderland was written by Charles Lutwidge Dodgson, also known as Lewis Carroll, who was a separated man who delighted in the consortship of little girls. Alices Adventures in Wonderland was influenced by Lewis Carrolls life. Lewis Carroll, one of 11 children, was born at Daresbury in Cheshire England. As a child, he lived in remote country places. After Daresbury his next home was Croft in Yorkshire and he depended very much on the company of his brothers and sisters, Lewis made up silly games and told silly stories for fun and entertainment. He was a successful scholar that took a distinguished degree at Christ Church and became a senior student in 1855. He contributed humorous poems and parodies to periodicals and for one of these, The Train, he used the pseudonym Carolus Ludovicus. Later he reversed it and retranslated it Lewis Carroll. Lewis was also a mathematician who published a formidable body of work. He was a very shy man with a stammer and always responded to children. He was immediately at ease with them and in their company his stammer left him. The Cambridge Guide to English Literature states that, he never married, but he probably had an unhappy love affair when he was young: The evidence is inconclusive (301). Carroll was uncomfortable around people of his own age but was comfortable around children especially little girls. Lewis was always fascinated with little girls; he liked to read to them, to make up stories for them, to draw them, and to photograph them sometimes in the nude. Richard Kelly in Lewis Carroll Revised Edition states Lewis Carroll said I confess I do not admire naked boys in pictures. They always seem to me need clothes: Whereas one hardly sees why the lovely fans of girls should ever be covered up (152). Among the children who became his friends were those of George MacDonald and the Dean of Christ Church, Henry George Liddell. The second Liddell child was a three year old girl named Alice. Six years later he told the Liddell children after a boating party the story of Alices adventures underground and he undertook to write it out for Alice. Lewis Carrolls life had a large influence on the story. He played a lot of games and told stories to pass the times with his brothers and sisters. Lewis didnt have many friends, The Cambridge Guide to English Literature states because of his intimate shyness, although he was subjected to a certain amount of bullying (901). Carroll also had a stammer and was deaf in one ear, and was left handed which also contributed to his low self confidence. According to Richard Kelly in Lewis Carroll Revised Edition In a letter to Mrs. Jones Chataway, Carroll goes a step beyond nightdresses in requesting to photograph her daughter Gertrude in the nude (9). As each child matured they were replaced by a child who shared the secret world of childhood with him. Carrolls understanding and love of children had been combined with the precision of a mathematician to produce two wonderful books that as the author himself stated do not teach anything at all (145). Alice was his favorite among all of the children. One could probably say that he had a fascination with her. The main character in Alices Adventures in Wonderland is of course Alice, a girl that follows a white rabbit down a hole. The White Rabbit also plays an important role. He is running late for a meeting with the Queen. The Caterpillar is a smoking smart alex who Alice comes upon. He is wise and provides her with knowledge in her nonsense surroundings. The Cheshire Cat is a character who talks nothing but nonsense to Alice, and sometimes his whole body is not seen. He also makes fun of the King and Queen towards the end of the story at the croquet ground. The Mad Hatter, Door Mouse, and March Hare engage Alice in a nonsense tea party. The Door Mouse is trying very hard to stay awake. The March Hare goes along with the Mad Hatter in all he does and says. The Queen of Hearts is an angry woman who replies to almost everything with off with their head (77). The King of Hearts just follows the Queen around and does what she says. This could be contributed to his life. He spent most of his t ime with little girls, playing games, telling stories, and photographing them. He may have made the Queen the dominating figure because of his fascination with young girls. .ued0075b45b39ed99b2a4a738e0365d4b , .ued0075b45b39ed99b2a4a738e0365d4b .postImageUrl , .ued0075b45b39ed99b2a4a738e0365d4b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ued0075b45b39ed99b2a4a738e0365d4b , .ued0075b45b39ed99b2a4a738e0365d4b:hover , .ued0075b45b39ed99b2a4a738e0365d4b:visited , .ued0075b45b39ed99b2a4a738e0365d4b:active { border:0!important; } .ued0075b45b39ed99b2a4a738e0365d4b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ued0075b45b39ed99b2a4a738e0365d4b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ued0075b45b39ed99b2a4a738e0365d4b:active , .ued0075b45b39ed99b2a4a738e0365d4b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ued0075b45b39ed99b2a4a738e0365d4b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ued0075b45b39ed99b2a4a738e0365d4b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ued0075b45b39ed99b2a4a738e0365d4b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ued0075b45b39ed99b2a4a738e0365d4b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ued0075b45b39ed99b2a4a738e0365d4b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ued0075b45b39ed99b2a4a738e0365d4b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ued0075b45b39ed99b2a4a738e0365d4b .ued0075b45b39ed99b2a4a738e0365d4b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ued0075b45b39ed99b2a4a738e0365d4b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Motor Parts Corporation EssayThe story starts with Alice getting her lessons under a tree when she dozes off and is awakened by a White Rabbit. She follows the rabbit into a whole and falls (17-19). She looks through a door an the bottom and sees the loveliest garden in the world (20). Throughout the story she is trying to get to the garden. The garden is the Queens court which she comes to for a croquet game towards the end of the story (74). The story may relate to him maturing in his life. As a child he read in the family library which may be an insight to Alice receiving her lessons alone. The White Rabbit could represent young girls and how he fell in love with them w hich relates to Alice falling down the hole. After falling in love with them he thought they were the most beautiful beings in the world, so he spent his life in the company of them. His dream could have been for women to be in charge and that is where the Queen of Hearts character came from. Alices Adventures in Wonderland is full of meaningless dialogues. An example is a part from the tea party, have some wine, the March Hare said in an encouraging tone. Alice looked all round the table but there was nothing but tea (66). In an example from the Queens croquet game he wrote Alice thought she had never seen such a curious croquet-ground in her life: it was all ridges and furrows; the croquet balls were live hedgehogs, and the mallets live flamingoes (79). Carrolls use of math could have been present in him choosing cards for the Queens workers and soldiers. A remark from Alice says Who cares for you? said Alice (she had grown to her full size by this time). Youre nothing but a pack of cards!' (114). The story includes a lot of the elements of his life which makes it a interesting and entertaining story for children of all ages. Lewis Carrolls life influenced his book Alices Adventures in Wonderland. Lewis was an excellent mathematician, but at the same time he could be very silly. He was a little weird especially in his activities with young children. He is still remembered and many movies have been made about his story Alices Adventures in Wonderland. He was a man who entertained many children during his life and after his death. His stories will last throughout time. Works CitedCarroll, Lewis. Alices Adventures in Wonderland. New York: Penguin Group, 1960. Kelly, Richard. Lewis Carroll Revised Edition. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1980. Lewis Carroll. The Cambridge Guide to English Literature, 1983.

The Inn on Cortes Island

The tourism industry in British Columbia has been growing rapidly over the past years thus making it quite possible for hotels within the hospitality industry such as Cortes In to enjoy more commercial success. As of the year 2000, the region had over 22 million visitors who raked in an amazing $ 10 million.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on The Inn on Cortes Island specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Additionally, the tourism mix of the district of British Columbia did not only come from locals but also from foreigners ensuring that demand is stable. Despite the fact that business opportunities did present themselves for those within the hospitality industry in Cortes Island, it apparently became difficult for those within the tourism industry especially inns such as The Inn on Cortes Island due to the threats on tourism industry that were brought by the 9-11-01 attack by terrorists that reduced tourist traffic. Issues of human resource availability and skill levels of those employees expected to serve within the industry also made it hard for the industry to flourish due to the perception jobs within that industry did not pay well. Additionally, the outbreak of SARS and the west Nile virus made it hard for the tourism industry to flourish. The Task environment within the Island was suitable and good for business considering that the industry raked in over $ 10billion annually. Vancouver was well known for its business expos and this had made British Columbia a respected destination in the tourism industry attracting millions of people especially during expos which brought the society together. The only form of political hostility arose from terrorism activities that followed 9-11 bombings. The availability of websites, DVD/CD technology available to customers meant that the customer experience was maximized. The task environment was thus highly favorable due to the fairly good political, economic and socio-economic culture that was good for tourists arriving from local and international destinations. The Hotel and hospitality industry within British Columbia was a free and fair industry in accordance with the principles of free market economy, meaning that just as Jonathan Armitage entered the industry since he had the capital, any other participant could to enter the industry. This fact made the threat of entry quite high within the market. Due to the fact that there were other many similar Inns and resorts in the region, some of which were in the high end and low end of the market this meant that consumers had a wider range from which they could choose from. Thus, making the business environment even more competitive.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Hollyhock retreat resort is one such resort that offered camping facilities which can serve as a substi tute for hotel rooms. Despite the unique ambience of the ICI, the presence of camping sites and Rustic dorm rooms have in some way increased the threat from substitute products because individuals who don’t opt to sleep in rooms may go to tents hoping to get close to nature. The product and service The Inn at Cortes Island is an establishment that targeted mainly middle income earners who paid somewhat average fees to enjoy their services (the average fee per room is $ 225 and $ 110 per cabin). These prices were found to be suitable for middle income earners who frequently toured the Inn and recommended it to others. The problem is that the price is too high for some target customers turning them away. The Inn had both rooms and cabin spaces facing the beach, Jacuzzi tubs, fireplaces, DVD/CD players for entertainment, and high quality linen in rooms, that were suitable for couples, tourists and even weeding events. Additionally, apart from offering sleep facilities the Inn al so provides local gourmets and exclusive food. The product design should also be differentiated for high end customers. The design of the room was quite cool because it was done by artists who ensured that earth tones were used to create an atmosphere of relaxation which was expected by the customers. In addition, the rooms and furniture ware fitted with high quality linen to ensure that the place looked good. The design of place has no weakness. The Inn used its website as part of their promotion tool and thus designed it properly. Additionally, the hotel depended upon word of mouth to promote its brand.ICI management also hired A media consultancy farm to create publicity for them occasionally. The current promotion efforts are not enough and should be more vigorous. Market segment The intended market of The inn Cortes Island was tourists and locals who especially fell under the middle class bracket of the economy who were searching for a unique spot that had the best ambience. Th e segmentation is good and highly attractive having no weakness. Other competitors within the Island were Hollyhock Retreat Resort and April Point, which provided high end services; also there were other many resorts and Inns in the Island which could provide services similar to ICI’s thus making competition stiffer. Because the Inn did not offer high end services it is bit of a disappointment for customers with high end needs.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on The Inn on Cortes Island specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The competitive advantage of ICI was the Inn had unique ambience and design, a good website and world-class cooks together with the availability of capital to expand the business. The Inn serves the affluent middle class who need to run away from the busy urban environment and go to the Island to watch and enjoy nature. Customers visiting this inn usually wish to have some peace and spend time with their loved ones. The technology The availability of a beautifully designed website has made it quite easier for the Inn to access its clients and serve them better. Also other technologies such as the availability of DVD/CD players for entertainment have ensured that guests who visit the place are well catered for in terms of entertainment. Management Jonathan is the sole shareholder and CEO the Inn. He decided to hire someone who would take the position of a general manager to ensure a smoother day to day running of the organization. ICI has its organizational structure divided into four main functional divisions, which include the front desk, housekeeping, maintenance and grounds, and food services each of this functional area is headed by an individual manager. At the beginning, the owner had decided to hire a mother and son team with the mother serving as the general manager while the son serving as the chief chef but the decision turned out to be a bad one the forci ng the owner to employ a more experienced and professional general manager, Edward Bourgogne. Upon his arrival the general manager put in place new systems and brought in a new chief chef Jackie Newcome, a move that saw improvement in the relationship and quality of work in the Kitchen. Investment-Pay Back Exit Plan The construction of the Inn was made possible by the help of loans and the forecasted Revenues are expected to assist the shareholder to repay the loans. The management forecast expects that approximately 70% occupancy rate of the Cabin throughout the year will be needed in repaying the loan. The bank current total loans have accumulated to $4.8 million, with the latest loan awarded to ICI being $1.8 million the current twelve-monthly principal and interest payments are expected to be around $38,700 per month, which will be spread across loan repayment schedule of 240 months. The business expects to make revenues of $2.2milion and this is expected to increase by 10% with in the following year although no profits are expected in first two years as the company is expected to start breaking even in the third year of its operations. This will ensure that the company repays its loans comfortably.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Tables Table 1. The Business Environment Opportunities Threats Political The resort was established after an approval was made by the local council, federal fisheries department and island trust The state supports tourism industry The September 11 incidence brought a decline of the number of tourists in British Columbia Economic The state puts tourism as a major source of the nations revenue totaling to about $10 billion from a total of 22.5 million overnight visitors Downturn in the economic position of the state reduces overall demand of services and products Societal The resort has established a reputation as being a family oriented resort Most residents residing in and around the result are frequent visitors The population present is small constraining the availability of staff People look at tourism sector with no good employment opportunities due to low pay Technological The resorts website provide quality and in-depth information to its c ustomers and aspiring visitors The media firm offers the resort an opportunity to avail information about the resort to the people for publicity purposes Not each person is conversant with new technologies Table 2. Industry Conditions Competitive Conditions High Neutral Low Threat of new entrants x Bargaining power of customers x Bargaining power of suppliers x Threat of substitutes x Intensity of competition x Key success factors Table 3. Financial Size-Up Strengths Weaknesses Profitability and Cash Flow: Has helped improve its dining room to fit in a world class menu It has also helped them estimate the expansion expenses needed Strains the relationship between the resort management and the banks Liquidity: Helpful for short term financial issues enabling the business meet its current obligation It can uncover the weaknesses in the financial position of the resort especially during bank scrutiny of the resort Stability : Indicates the strong interim profit performance of the resort The stability record may not be convincing to the banks due to poor timing for expansion plans Efficiency: Serves as standardized metrics to measure financial efficiency for investment opportunities Unexpected cash flow models may be used which will not much up predictions made Growth: the continuous interim performance of the Inn contributes to the need of wanting to undertake cabin expansion Constraints from financial sources hence intense scrutiny by the bank Table 4. Marketing Size-Up Strengths Weaknesses Market tactics Price Product Place Promotion The target market for the resort is the middle come earners meaning the place it quite affordable. It has a good reputation for food and beverage service. It’s situated along the richly stretched sandy beach with boldly well constructed rooms giving an earthling feeling that are featured with Jacuzzi tubs fire places dvd/c d players. In terms of product promotion, it has a media consultancy department that deals with publication for publicity purpose including a comprehensive website. Infatuation of the tourism industry leads to constant changes in the market especially in pricing Market analysis Segmentation Competition Competitive Advantage Customer Needs Its market segmentation targets the middle class hence affordable to many The resort is situated in a secluded area that is quite different from the urban environment It also enjoys an upscale world class menu for its clients Expansion plans will be an added advantage to the resorts competitors as it will attract more visitors The media consult department is a major advantage to the resort as it’s able to publicize to its target market. The poor cannot afford the resort facilities The product needs to be differentiated in market segmentation to provide high class customer services. Market strategy execution The strateg y was executed properly through positioning and segmentation giving ICI a good and definite market which it intended to serve. The management could have been more vigorous on implementing the strategy by launching more serious comprehensive campaigns. Table 5. Operations Size-Up Strengths Weaknesses Operations process Business operation are well managed hence the constant profit result Lack of organized and permanent staff Members Risk management issues The expansion plan is seen as A major project that will increase the number of visitors coming to the resort Its expansion plan is a risk taking step Legal issues Do not exist Do not exist Location issues Its strategic position creates a Good environment that is peaceful and fresh as compared to the city life Less staff for the resort due to low population size Use of technology Gives comprehensive information about the resort. Provides entertainment opportunity to the visitors Not each person is conversant with new technologies Table 6. Human Resource Size-Up Strengths Weaknesses Human Resource function Recruitment and Hiring Training and Development Compensation, Performance and Incentives Staff hiring and training was at first done quickly To retain staff members staff housing was a benefit for all staffs Employment of an individuals with decent leadership skills and with good interpersonal skills stabilizes staff relationship The rural location of the resort encounters low population for hiring staff members Most people discriminate the tourism sector because of its low payment Recruitment of employees is low due to small population size Leadership issues Organizational Structure Skills Development Teams and Teamwork Management Capabilities Its headed by a CEO who is the owner of the resort Besides the CEO, the resort has a general manager overseeing everyday operations including departmental managers Every staff membe r has to undergo training to develop their skills The resorts departments are divided into four each headed by a manger. The manager becomes the team leader of the department The resort was first run as a family â€Å"family team† which later became a problem Staff members do not stay on permanent basis Table 7. Technology Size-Up Strengths Weaknesses Technology concept and product Introducing DVDs/CDs was a good move to keep the visitors entertained just like in the urban areas. The concept of their comprehensive website provides quality information about the resort to those who visit it for any queries Not each person is conversant with new technologies Intellectual property issues Its competitive nature has increased the resorts ability to provide high value-added products and services at competitive price It Details company’s past experience to prove that the resort can execute on the opportunity It is not easy to put the company to b ank scrutiny Potential risk factors Expansion plans are promising to the growth of the business The expansion plans will have to surpass the internal challenges especially in the human resource department Table 8. Expansion decision Rationale and Risk Assessment Financial risk: Mitigated by: Financial planning, whereby the management laid out a good loan repayment schedule that would take close to 20 years to repay the loan easing stress on the shareholder. Market risk: Mitigated by: Developing a marketing mix that appeals tom customers and is up to date with competitors ensuring that ICI is more likely to succeed in the market Operations risk: Mitigated by: Hiring a good operations manager that is able to manage the employees and the heads of all, other department thus reducing conflict and enabling smooth flow of day to day activities. Construction risk: Mitigated by: By planning the entire construction process and assigning roles clearly to construction pe rsonnel in order ensure construction is according to schedule. Management risk: Mitigated by: Hiring qualified managers in all functional areas and hiring a professional operations manager to oversee management of the entire organization. This assessment on The Inn on Cortes Island was written and submitted by user Shiny Magpie to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

WebsterAshburton Treaty essays

WebsterAshburton Treaty essays Daniel Webster was motivated to settle the boundary between Maine and New Brunswick. In 1783, a treaty had been made that awarded the U.S. all land in the area drained by rivers flowinginto the Atlantic instead of into the St. Lawrence. However, the diction of this treaty was not straightforward and the maps were conflicting. In 1842, Lord Ashburton was sent by the British as a minister, to try and establish all outstanding conflicts. Ashburtona adn Webster compromised a boundary. The treaty allowed Canada to build a military road from Halifax to Quebec while the United States got most of the disputed territory. Webster agreed to the treaty because he felt that any treaty made would avoid war. Appeasing Maine and Massachusets was a problem, but Webster solved it by getting an old map of the area and marked off a line that followed the British version of the boundary made by Franklin at the end of the Revolution. He showed the map to Maine and Mass., and convinced them to agree because otherwise Britain could demand the whole region. Websters generosity was admirable and made a lot of sense. It caused Lord Ashburton to make concessions in other areas along the Canadian-American border. Due to Americas increasing need to British capitol and Britains rising dependancy on foriegn foodstuffs, war, or even conflicts would have obstructed essential business affairs and produced no compensating gains. This treaty was a major aid in the avoidance of war. ...

How to Get a Corrected Social Security Card

How to Get a Corrected Social Security Card By law, your Social Security card must show your current legal name. If you legally change your name because of marriage, divorce, court order or any other legal reason, you must inform Social Security as soon as possible so they can issue you a corrected Social Security card. Fast Facts Federal law requires that Social Security cards display the cardholder’s current and correct legal name.In the event of a name change resulting from marriage, divorce, court order or any other legal reason, the cardholder must notify the Social Security Administration as soon as possible and apply for a corrected Social Security card.Applications for a corrected Social Security card cannot be submitted online. Applications may only be submitted at a Social Security field office or by conventional mail.There is no charge connected with applying for a corrected Social Security card. Failure to inform Social Security of your name change could cost you money by delaying your tax refunds and preventing your wages from being added to your Social Security account record, which could reduce your future Social Security benefits. There is no charge for getting a corrected Social Security card, however, because of the documentation you  must provide, you cannot apply for one online. Apply To get a corrected Social Security card, you need to: Download and print out a Form SS-5 – Application for Social Security Card.Fill out the application and assemble the required proof of identity documents (see below).Take or mail the application and all required documents to your local Social Security office. Documents Serving as Proof of a Legal Name Change You will need proof of your current legal name. In some cases, you may also need to show proof of your current U.S. citizenship or legal permanent resident (green card) status. Documents Social Security will accept as proof of a legal name change include original or certified copies of: Marriage licenses;Divorce decrees;Certificates of naturalization showing a new name; orCourt orders for a name change. Note: All documents submitted must be either originals or copies certified by the agency issuing them. Social Security will not accept photocopies or notarized copies of documents. A â€Å"certified† copy of a document will typically have a raised, embossed, impressed, or multicolored seal placed on the document by the issuing agency. Some agencies will offer a choice of certified or non-certified copies and may charge an extra fee for certified copies. When needed for Social Security purposes, always request a certified copy. If Your Documents Are Too Old It is important that you notify Social Security of your name change as soon as possible. If you legally changed your name more than two years before applying for a corrected Social Security card, or if the documents you provide do not give enough information to fully identify you, you may also be required to provide two additional identifying documents including: At least one document showing your old name; andA second document with your new legal name. Proof of Citizenship If Social Security tells you that you need to prove your status as a U.S. citizen, they will accept only an original or certified copy of your U.S. birth certificate or U.S. passport. Foreign-born citizens, including naturalized citizens and immigrants with legal permanent resident status, may be allowed to use: Certificate of NaturalizationCertificate of CitizenshipCertificate of Report of BirthConsular Report of Birth Abroad Proving Your Identity If you do need to provide Social Security with further proof of your identity, they will accept only current documents showing your current legal name, date of birth or age, and a recent photograph. Examples of such documents include: U.S. drivers license;State-issued identification card; orU.S. passport. If you do not have any of those documents, Social Security might accept other documents, such as: Employee identification card;School identification card;Health insurance card (other than a Medicare card); orU.S. military identification card. Your Number Will Not Change Your corrected Social Security card – which will be mailed to you will have the same Social Security number as your old card but will show your new name. Protect Your Social Security Number Speaking of Social Security numbers, they are the main thing identity thieves need to rob you blind. As result, Social Security has long advised that it is rarely necessary to show anybody your Social Security card. â€Å"Do not carry your card with you. Keep it in a safe place with your other important papers,† advises the Social Security Administration.

The Transcendentalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Transcendentalism - Essay Example There was a resurgence of the Idealist Movement at the turn of the 19th century that took the name Transcendentalist Movement. During the first half of the 1800s, the Transcendentalist Movement unveiled its new name and has persisted, in some form, as one of the most important spiritual movements in the history of the United States. Transcendentalism has been found using the name of theological liberal, idealist, or social progressive, and evolved over the decades to profoundly affect the issues of slavery, women's rights, and education. Its adherents have included Ralph Waldo Emerson, educator John Dewey, and Henry David Thoreau, who challenged religion to accept man and nature as finite and explainable entities. Emerson critiqued religion for dwelling "with noxious exaggeration about the person of Jesus", and treating God as if he were dead in the long ago written revelations of the bible" (Grodzins 114). Transcendentalists were men and women of science and philosophy, who had raised the bar in their demand for a religion that made sense, without the superstition of gender, the myth of race, and without the rigid conjecture of Calvinism. "Reason presents herself before nature, holding in one hand the principles which alone have power to bring into order and harmony the phenomena of nature; in the other hand g rasping the results of experiment conducted according to those principles" (Frothington 8). Theodore Parker, a colleague of Emerson, was a Unitarian preacher who has been credited with giving "shape and meaning to the Transcendental Movement" (Gates 22). These men would bemoan the impoverished educational standards in the US, as well as the lack of a body of literature that we could call distinctly American. The Transcendentalist movement was a rebirth and resurgence of the ancient thinking of the Roman and Greek beliefs in humanism, intuition, and Transcendental Knowledge "which is concerned, not with objects, but with our mode of knowing objects so far as this is possible a prioi (that is, independent of experience)" (Kant qtd. in Wilson). To a large extent this was an extension of the philosophy set down in Immanuel Kant's Critique of Pure Reason (Frothington 3-4). Theodore Parker would argue that "Religion was a simple thing -, a natural thing; a reasonable thing; that the only thing that God required was doing good and being good" (Grodzins 377). While its supporters attempted to simplify and streamline religion, they were often rebuffed because their doctrines varied so widely from the common belief (Grodzins 377). For example, Parker hesitated for more than a year before delivering the sermon Contradictions in Scripture, which illustrated the incongruities between the bible and th e facts of the known universe, and argued that "a man never need try to believe a statement in the Bible which was at variance with his reason and conscience" (Littell and Littell 405). Transcendentalism was fuelling the fires of debate in regards to reason, science, intuition, and things that lay just beyond our experience. Transcendentalism fell under considerable criticism during the 19th century for being what was generally known as Atheistic Idealism. David Nevens Lord, 19th century biblical scholar and author, criticized the philosophy of Samuel Taylor Coleridge1 and noted its similarity to Kant "from whom he drew it, its atheistic character, and its incompatibility with a belief in the great

Provide an economic analysis of Netflix Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Provide an economic analysis of Netflix - Essay Example Netflix drives its revenues from two sources: monthly subscriptions from users who can instantly stream TV shows and movies over the internet and delivery of DVDs and Blu-ray discs to customers’ homes. The major cost components or Netflix include fixed-fee licenses, revenue shared and direct purchases made from studios and other content providers. The company also has to spend money in maintaining its streaming services through Amazon Web Services and Content Delivery Networks. There are many factors that impact the supply and demand of the company’s business. One of the primary factors determining demand is the economic situation. The demand also depends on the quality of content produced. As can be seen from the list of competitors, all the competitors have a different unique characteristic in the way they are providing entertainment video to the customers. While cable providers and direct-to-home service providers offer a fixed list of entertainment videos on a monthly fees, internet based content providers provide customers which is more similar to Netflix. The other competitors are retailers which provide entertainment videos to customers through brick and mortar shops. This can be said to be a monopolistic competition. Monopolistic competition can be defined as the market structure where there are many sellers of the same commodity but there is a slight difference in the way the service is provided (Jain & Ohri, 249). Although there are many companies that provide similar service to customers, however, none of the companies providing online companies have been able to come close to Netflix in areas of market share or revenue. Thus, the company is having significant market power and drives the market. The company has been very successful in increasing its subscriber base over the period of time. It had a total subscriber base of 20 million at the end of 2010. The company’s revenue was $2.16

Heath Care Hall of Fame Museum Essay Example for Free

Heath Care Hall of Fame Museum Essay I have chosen to pay tribute to these five significant developments that I believe should be placed on display at the Heath Care Hall of Fame Museum. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act Exhibit 1 The Affordable Care Act puts consumers back in charge of their health care. Under the law, which was signed in by President Obama in March 2010, it gives the American people the stability and flexibility they need to make informed decisions about their healthcare. Some major features of this change: a) Health plans cannot limit or deny benefits to children under 19 due to a pre- existing condition. b) If you are under 26, you may be eligible to be covered under your parent’s health plan. c) Insurers can no longer cancel your coverage just because you made an honest mistake. d) Your premium dollars must be spent primarily on health care – not administrative costs. e) Lifetime limits on most benefits are banned for all new health insurance plans. f) You may be eligible for recommended preventive health services. No copayment. g) Choose the primary care doctor you want from your plan’s network. Since this act has been set in motion millions of Americans have been able to provide healthcare for their family who may not have qualified for Medicare or Medicaid. Medicare Exhibit 2 The Medicare program paved the way for Americans over 65 who could not get insured. Under the law, which was signed in by President Johnson on July 30, 1965. Medicare pioneered the ushering of the U.S.government into the healthcare insurance business. Prior to the change it was almost impossible for anyone over 65 to affordable health insurance. Medicare pays billions of dollars to take care of our senior citizens, our disable and those with end stage renal disease. Some major features of this change: a) Part A – Hospital Coverage b) Part B – Medical Coverage c) Part C – Combines A B d) Part D – Prescription Drug Coverage Similar to Social Security, Medicare is an entitlement program. Most U.S. citizens earn the right to enroll in Medicare by working and paying their taxes for a minimum required period. Even if you didnt work long enough to be entitled to Medicare benefits, you may still be eligible to enroll, but you might have to pay more. The Ticket to Work and Work Incentives Improvement Act of 1999 Exhibit 3 The Ticket to Work and Work Incentives Improvement Act of 1999 allowed Americans with disabilities to join the work force without fear of losing their Medicaid and Medicare coverage. Under the law, this act was signed by Congress in 1999. Most disabled Americans are faced with an upheld battle of living day to day with a disability, this Act created a stepping stone for individuals that were born with these disabilities or those who unforeseeably encounter throughout their lifetime; this was their their way to improving their outcome on life. Vaccine Preventable Diseases Exhibit 4 For the past 2 decades there has been a tremendous amount of declines in cases such as hospitalizations, deaths, and health-care costs associated with vaccine-preventable diseases. Since the vaccines have been implemented with the current child immunizations there have been preventative number of  deaths such as 42,000 and 20 million cases of disease. This has showed an astounding amount of net savings rounding near the $14 billion dollar mark in direct costs and $69 billion in total societal costs says â€Å"Ten Great Public Health Achievements United States, 20012010,† 2011. Because of these vaccines the days of high mortality rates in children as well as young adults has fallen drastically as much as 97% in the age 20 bracket. This is a humungous achievement in healthcare. The WHO (World Health Organization) lists 25 diseases for which vaccines are available: 1. Anthrax 2. Measles 3. Rubella 4. Cholera 5. Meningococcal disease 6. Influenza 7. Diphtheria 8. Mumps 9. Tetanus 10. Hepatitis A 11. Pertussis 12. Tuberculosis 13. Hepatitis B 14. Pneumococcal disease 15. Typhoid fever 16. Hepatitis E 17. Poliomyelitis 18. Tick-born encephalitis 19. Haemophilus influenza type b 20. Rabies 21. Varicella and herpes zoster (shingles) 22. Human papilloma-virus 23. Rotavirus gastenteritis 24. Yellow fever 25. Japanese encephalitis The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) Exhibit 5 Enacted by Congress in 1996, HIPAA is a complex law that has already begun to restructure health care. The effect of its Title 1 was to ensure the health insurance coverage of workers and their families when they change or lose their jobs. The law also prohibits cancellation of coverage because of pre-existing medical conditions. More sweeping, however, is the part of the law called â€Å"Administrative Simplification,† which required medical records to be computerized by October 2003. It is intended to reduce the costs and administrative burden of health care by standardizing the electronic transmission of many administrative and financial transactions. The standardization must also maintain the privacy of health information. As a result, the entire health care industry is involved in a costly high-tech upgrade of complex medical and financial documents to comply with the legislation. References World Health Organization, Global Vaccine Action Plan 2011-2020. Geneva, 2012. http://www.who.int/immunization/global_vaccine_action_plan/GVAP_doc_2011_2020/en/

Technology :: essays research papers

Cisco Systems, Inc. All contents are Copyright  © 1992–2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Important Notices and Privacy Statement. Page 1 of 5 B ROCHURE Cisco Mobile Office: On the Road Maximum Productivity for Business Professionals Overview: A Workplace in Motion It’s no secret that today’s professionals are spending more time than ever working away from the office. In the Internet economy, employees on the move depend on networking to communicate with their clients, partners, and coworkers. Yet these mobile professionals often have limited access to the people, information, and tools they need to be productive. Traditional remote networking is often too slow, unreliable, expensive, or inconvenient to meet the needs of business professionals on the move. Simply locating a working phone jack in an airport or hotel room can be an extraordinary task. And the firewalls that keep company information secure can pose additional obstacles for those who need network access. Network administrators face their own problems as they contend with managing a mobile workforce. Opening a corporate network to mobile access can make it vulnerable to unknown security risks. Dialup charges, equipment replacement, and cumbersome billing systems strain patience as well as budgets. Despite these pitfalls, the need for mobile connectivity is here to stay. According to IDC, 45 million of today’s mobile business professionals need to access the Internet or their corporate network. And as more low-priced, high-powered notebook PCs, hand-held devices, and cell phones emerge, their numbers will continue to grow. To meet the need for secure broadband access anytime, anywhere, Cisco Systems has partnered with other industry leaders to introduce Cisco Mobile Office: On the Road. A flexible, easy-to-use solution, Cisco Mobile Office On the Road enables secure wired and wireless connectivity for mobile professionals over the Internet. Combining state-of-the-art VPN security and broadband bandwidth with easy configuration, Cisco Mobile Office: On the Road delivers â€Å"on-the-move† access to broadband networking. It’s the most comprehensive solution on the market today, enabling mobile employees to stay productive with a manageable solution. Cisco Systems, Inc. All contents are Copyright  © 1992–2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Important Notices and Privacy Statement. Page 2 of 5 Access When You Need It, Where You Need It Designed specifically for the needs of professionals away from the corporate office, Cisco Mobile Office: On the Road delivers reliable, hassle-free Internet or secure enterprise LAN access, either with or without wires. While competing vendors might offer portions of a mobile system, only Cisco offers a complete, unified solution that delivers: †¢ A comprehensive set of advanced wired and wireless networking solutions †¢ Technologies that enable fast, convenient connectivity †¢ Continuous, end-to-end security †¢ Standards-based interoperability †¢ Expandable, upgradeable platforms to future-proof your organization †¢ Options for mobility settlement offering integrated billing and user interfaces Furthermore, Cisco Mobile Office: On the Road is the only solution backed by a team of industry-leading

Is Technology a Blessing or a Curse?

Is technology a blessing or a curse? Justify. Which inventions do you think were the most important ones in the history of humankind? At the beginning I would like try to define a technology. What the technology is? Technology is the making, usage, and knowledge of tools, machines, techniques, crafts, systems or methods of organization in order to solve a problem or perform a specific function. Technology is a measure of human development. Technology is part of the life of every human- We can live without a technology and technology can’t exist without us.So, of course- technology is blessing for us. Technology is a necessary to live and to prove conditions of our live. New technologies help in every field of our life. It is possible to invent a new medicines against dangerous diseases. It is possible travel by car of talking by phone. We can multiply a positive examples in different field of our life. Of course, technology has also a second, worst side. It can be used against people, for instance in act of terrorism. However, we shouldn’t scare about it.We have to use technology to prevention of violence and achieve higher objectives. In the my opinion the most important inventions are the simple and easy (in the modern world of course) tool which allow for further development. In the my opinion such a inventions can be a writing, basic tools for physical job circle, printing later. In the modern world as important invention we can describe an engine, phone or computer. Every of thing are needed and useful and helpful in everyday life.

“A Celebration of Grandfathers”

1. In â€Å"A Celebration of Grandfathers,† the author writes that respect for elders is â€Å"a cultural value to be passed on from generation to generation.† What does he say the elders could teach young people? Use evidence from the text to explain your answer.Anaya states that elders can teach young people to live â€Å"authentic lives.† By this he means lives that have meaning and purpose achieved through hard work, faith, and a sense of community. Anaya states, â€Å"They learned that to survive one had to share in the process of life,† and that means sharing in the good and the bad. Anaya compares the eyes of the older generation to windows that â€Å"peer into a distant past,† and have a knowledge and spirit that comes from an understanding of the earth with which younger generations have lost touch.2. Anaya recalls an incident where his grandfather tells him, â€Å"Know where you stand.† What did his grandfather mean literally? What did he mean figuratively?Anaya’s grandfather says this to Anaya when he comes home as a young boy having been badly bitten by ants while working out in the fields. Literally, Grandfather means â€Å"watch where you are going/standing,† or â€Å"pay better attention.† Figuratively, Grandfather means this in a more philosophical sense; he is telling young Anaya to learn to pay attention to the world around him so that he can avoid danger. Specifically, he means to pay attention to the Earth (nature) because, unless you show it respect, it can become unfriendly. Even nature’s tiny ants can become hostile and, when working as a community, can become threatening.3. The title of this memoir is â€Å"A Celebration of Grandfathers,† not â€Å"A Celebration of My Grandfather.† Why do you think Anaya made this distinction?In this memoir, Anaya is celebrating the â€Å"elders,† which include all older generations and all future generations that will one day be old. Anaya uses his own grandfather as an example. By relaying his personal experiences with his grandfather, Anaya shows examples of what the elders can pass on to younger generations. This piece is intended as a celebration of all older generations (grandfathers and grandmothers) and the cultural values they passed on.4. How does  Anaya's grandfather help him cope with the death of his young friend?When a young boy is dragged to his death by a horse, young Anaya is upset that death came to someone so young. To help him understand the process of death as a function of life, Anaya's grandfather explains death through images of nature and the changing of seasons. These are common and comforting images that a young Anaya can relate to. Grandfather explains death as a resting period before blooming again, a â€Å"small transformation in life† rather than a permanent unknown.5. The author states that â€Å"They [ancianos] learned that to survive one had to shar e in the process of life.† What does he mean by this? What is the â€Å"process of life†?Anaya means that the elders worked together as family, friends, and neighbors to support each other when times were bad and to share in the bounty when times were good. It was a life that was community-oriented. The process of life is the daily process of living and surviving. They shared good times and hard times. They helped each other through the â€Å"epidemics and personal tragedies† and they â€Å"shared what little they had when the hot winds burned the land and no rain came.† Rappers, if only they knew what they looked like†¦maybe they would stop.

Argentina essays

Argentina essays Argentina is the second largest country in South America; the population is near 37 million people. The capital of Argentina is Buenos Aires. Argentina is a third world nation, which consists of countries on Asia, South America and Africas continents. The Argentinean area was subject to Spanish neo colonization; being used as a means of economic trade, and also for their natural resources, to benefit Spain and later England. Before the colonization of Argentina by the Spanish, the inhabitants of the area were nomadic Native Americans, whose population rounded 300,000. Their primary activities were hunting and fishing. When the Spanish found South America and the area that was inhabited by these Native Americans the colonialists destroyed many of the natives indigenous life by warfare and colonial pressure. The pressure consisted of the natives being pushed off their land to far reaches of South America areas the natives were not able to survive in. Amerigo Vespucci, of Spain, first discovered the area in 1502; he had discovered the land while searching for a southwest route to the Orient. Many that came to the area sought after the abundance of silver that was available. The natives were able to hold off the Spanish settlers with numerous attacks Eventually Spain colonized the area of which is present-day Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, and southern Bolivia and established a permanent colony in Buenos Aires in 1580. The Spanish took advantage of the economically strategic location of the east coast port and also the robust amount of cattle that roamed the area. In 1776, the Spanish made Buenos Aires a free port and the capital of the Viceroyalty of La Plata (which included present-day Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, and southern Bolivia). The city reaped even greater wealth and prestige, but aspirations toward a Greater Argentina dissipated with the British attack ...

Intonation Definition and Examples in Speech

Intonation Definition and Examples in Speech In speech,  intonation is the use of changing (rising and falling) vocal pitch to convey grammatical information or personal attitude. Intonation is particularly important in expressing questions in spoken English. For example, take the sentence, When does the meeting start? The word start- including the question mark- rises up or comes up in your voice when you utter the word, notes the website  English Pronunciation Roadmap. The Musicality of Language Intonation  is the melody or music of a language, says  David Crystal, author of A Little Book of Language. Intonation refers to the way your voice rises and falls as you speak, as in, Its raining, isnt it? (or innit, perhaps) In this sentence, youre not really asking a question: Youre  telling  the listener that its raining, so you give your speech a telling melody. The pitch-level of your voice falls and you sound as if you know what youre talking about, and of course, you do, so youre making a statement. But now imagine that you  dont  know if its raining, says Crystal. You think there might be a shower outside, but youre unsure, so you ask someone to check. You use the same words, but the musicality of your voice makes a different point, as in, Its raining, isnt it? Now youre  asking  the person, so you give your speech an asking melody, says Crystal. The pitch-level of your voice rises, and you sound as if youre asking a question. Pitch and Chunking To understand intonation, its important to comprehend two of its key terms: pitch and chunking.  Encyclopaedia Britannica  notes that pitch is, the relative highness or lowness of a tone as perceived by the ear, which depends on the number of vibrations per second produced by the vocal cords. Everyone has different levels of the pitch in their voice, notes Study.com: Though some are more prone to a higher pitch and some to a lower pitch, we can all change our timbre depending on who we are talking to and why. Timbre  refers to the  quality of sound that distinguishes one  voice or musical instrument from another or one vowel sound from another: It is determined by the harmonics of the sound. Pitch, then, refers to the musicality of your voice and how you use that musicality or timbre to convey meaning. Chunking- and pausing- meanwhile  packages information for the listener, says  the University of Technology (UTS)  in Sydney, adding that speakers divide  speech  into chunks, which may be single words or groups of words to communicate a thought or idea, or to focus on information the speaker thinks is important. UTS gives the following example of chunking: Does it really matter whether people speak with an accent as long as they can be easily understood? This sentence breaks into the following chunks: Does it really matter /whether people speak with an accent /as long as they can be easily understood? // In this example, in each chunk, your pitch would be slightly different to better convey your meaning to the listener. Your voice, essentially, rises and falls in each chunk. Types of Intonation Another key point about intonation involves the rising and falling of your voice. Just as a musical instrument rises and falls in its tone as an accomplished player creates a melody to convey a sense of mood, your voice rises and falls in a similar melodic way to create a sense of meaning. Take this example from an article by Russell Banks, in an article called Adultery, which was published in the April/May 1986 issue of Mother Jones. I mean, what the hell? Right? The speakers voice rises and falls in the separate chunks in these two brief sentences, as follows; I mean /What the hell? /Right? // As the speaker says the first chunk- I mean- the voice falls. Then, during the second phrase- What the heck?- the voice rises, almost like climbing a melodic ladder with each word. The speaker does this to express outrage. Then, with one the last word- Right?- the speakers voice climbs even higher, similar to hitting the elusive  high C in music. This is almost like pushing the sentence to the listener- handing it off if you will- so that the listener will agree with the speaker. (If the listener does not agree, an argument is likely to follow.) And, in the article, the listener  does  indeed agree with the speaker, by responding with, Yes, right. The response is spoken with falling intonation, almost as if the listener is giving in and accepting the dictate of the speaker. By the end of the word right, the responders voice has dropped so much its almost as if the person is giving in. Put another way, intonation is the process of chunking statements (and responses), to deliver packages of meaning. Generally, the initial statement (often a question), may rise and fall in tone, but it generally rises at the end, as the speaker passes off the sentence or question to the listener. And, just as with a musical piece that starts quietly, and crescendos in sound and timber, the tone or sound of the response falls as if the responder is bringing the discussion to a quiet ending, just as a melody quietly comes to a soft finish at the end.

Pidgins and Creoles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Pidgins and Creoles - Essay Example A sentence in pidgin lacks prepositions, articles, subordinate clause and auxiliary verbs that connect the subject. Pidgin sentences are a collection of verbs, nouns and adjectives. Though the idea is communicated well, the contextual detail in the information is lost while communicating through a pidgin. Pidgins usually develop into creoles. Creoles follow grammatical rules with common rules for speakers and have a structural format for sentences. The metamorphosis from a pidgin to creoles is viewed as a natural development to the persistence of the language (Stafford). In the creole sentence, 'But how child of uncle Oom do die then', it may be noted that the tense deviates from the standard use of the verb. The phonology is poorly constructed by using the verbs incorrectly, though the message is conveyed to the listener. The word 'do' is improperly used instead of the word 'did', since the reason for death should be asked in the past tense. The poor structure of the sentence and usage of grammar may be attributed to the incapability of the speaker to use the lexis. However, the usage of then at the end of the sentence gives a clear picture to the listener that the speaker is questioning an incident. While analyzing the sentence it... Even if the speaker has used proper grammar the words in the sentence should easily interconnect itself resulting in the usage of a proper lexis (Willis p.23). In the above sentence though the message is communicated through a collection of words, it does not give a pleasing sound to the listener thus substantiating that the sentence is a creole. While evaluating the sentence, 'Yes, be one nice question, TAG. Well, I PAST be at Novar,' the correct usage of lexis gains importance. The word nice is usually used as an adjective to appreciate the quality of a behavior or material. The poor organization of words thus denotes wrong use of phonology in a pidgin. In this creole, the word nice has been used instead of the word good. The incorrect usage of tense is again found in the sentence, I be at Novar, I be with one man, PAST IMP talk story with one man, where the word 'be' is used instead of was. The repeated use of the word 'man' indicates the wrong usage of lexis, since the creole speaker is less familiar with extensive vocabulary to use common words like 'guy' to refer to a person and therefore results in the poor usage of words or phonology differentiating the sentence from standard English. It is again noted in the sentence, 'Then one man ride come with one bike, but the man who come take me, he and the-pl DEM NEG be good' that the speaker has used two verbs consecutively. The words 'ride' and 'come' is used to communicate the arrival of a person denoting improper grammar, phonology and lexis. The speaker has used the native language in the sentence with no grammatical continuity. The sentence, 'Then the man stay at street then he IMP shout call

Volcanoes and Global Cooling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Volcanoes and Global Cooling - Essay Example The essay "Volcanoes and Global Cooling" talks about the climate changes, the effects of greenhouse gasses blamed for the global warming experienced in the world today. However, little attention has been given to the impacts of volcanic eruptions on climate change. Gray observed from the past volcanic reactions that the gaseous emissions released to the stratosphere particularly the sulfur dioxide can cause global cooling, which has the potential of impacting negatively on the climate. At the same time, the carbon dioxide released, being a greenhouse gas, also has the potential of enhancing global warming. The impacts of volcanic erupt on climate change have triggered intense debate over the past few years, according to Self and Rampino. However, based on the past eruptions, scientists have discovered that the eruptions release gasses that later on causes global cooling. According to Self and Rampino, climatologists have discovered that the sulfur dioxide released from the eruptions is what is responsible for the global cooling. In the stratosphere, sulfur particles block the incoming radiation warming the stratosphere thereby reducing the amount of incoming radiation effectively cooling the troposphere. According to Self and Rampino, during powerful volcanic eruptions, sulfur dioxide is released into the stratosphere, where it is oxidized and mixed with water vapor to form sulfuric acid. The process, according to scientists takes about one month while the particles formed have a lifetime of up to three years. The sulfate aerosols formed prevents radiation from reaching the earthâ€⠄¢s surface thereby resulting in global cooling. Self and Rampino note that past volcanic eruptions have lowered the earth’s average temperatures by up to half a degree for a period of up to one to three years (75). Benjamin Franklin is arguably the first scientist to notice the effects of volcanic eruptions on climatic change. According to Mass and Portman, Benjamin Franklin first noticed ‘dry fog’ in the summer of 1783 during his visit to Europe (566). Additionally, he observed during the winter that followed that Europe was abnormally cold. It is then that he suggested that the abnormally cold weather witnessed during the winter was the result of volcanic eruption. According to Mass and Portman, research conducted years later showed that the Laki Volcano in Iceland had indeed erupted in 1783 (566). Later on in 1816, Europe again experienced abnormally cold summer, when the year was nicknamed â€Å"Year without Summer† (Borowski par.3). Research conducte d discovered that the cool summer was the result of a great eruption that occurred on the Mt. Tambora in Indonesia a year before (Borowski par.3). Additionally, in 1883, peculiar colors and halos were observed around the sun and moon accompanied with vibrant sunrises and sunsets. According to Mass and Portman, the occurrence was the result of the eruption of Krakatau volcano in Indonesia in July 1883 (567). Study showed that the eruption of Krakatau had other world consequences, which included the loss of about 20-30% of direct solar radiation for three consecutive years after the eruption. This resulted in a very prolonged cooling effect in most parts of Europe and Asia. The climatologists also noted the strong evidence of the volcanic eruptions on climate change following 1982’s strong eruption of El Chichon in Mexico (Mass and Portman 569). Like Krakatau, the eruption of El Chichon released large quantities of dust, carbon dioxide, ash, and sulfur dioxide into the stratosp her

HERITAGE. The Labour Hall (Now - Lighthouse Cinema) in Petone, New Assignment

HERITAGE. The Labour Hall (Now - Lighthouse Cinema) in Petone, New Zealand - Assignment Example The author discussed the building because of its design value and the cultural value. Considering that the building was contracted in those old days, its design value even to the present days has some credibility the reason it is a heritage to the City. It also reflected the cultural value of the community surrounding due to the materials used in construction as well as the design itself (Sadzak, Rizvic, Dalton, and Chalmers 2007).The part of design in the building is the most privileged as the author is interested in the evolvement of the cultural values through the design value as it changes with time in relation to the time of its construction. The lesson learnt from this exercise is that narration of a particular built environment reflects so much on the culture of the surrounding community. The design of construction and the materials used tells more about the cultural values of a community (Sadzak, Rizvic, Dalton, and Chalmers 2007). Therefore, cultural values affect the design value of construction. In future, this experience will help in the designing process where the culture of a particular community goes hand in hand with the design value. Therefore, observation and evaluation is the best step to follow this

Gender Differences in Human Development

Gender Differences in Human Development Yaqin Albirawi Abstract This paper explores the discoveries concerning gender differences in human development. All research framework has been gathered from reliable sources that base their data on statistics and scientific findings. The main objective of this report is to indicate how males and females tend to differ greatly in their brain, cognitive, social-emotional, and moral development. Brain differences across genders occur as early as prior to birth, for male fetuses have a thicker right hemisphere as female fetuses. Scientists have also discovered male brains to be generally larger, but less symmetrical than female brains. In the very first days of life, a girl’s left hemisphere responds quicker to verbal sounds. In addition, even later in life, verbal IQ tests point out that girls are at a more verbal advantage, whereas boys are more skilled in visual and spatial abilities. Many believe this superiority is associated with levels of testosterone, a hormone known to be found in higher levels in males. Hormones found in men and women also have a great impact on their social-emotional development. Females are thought to be more emotional than men, however, males are as emotional. To be more accurate, each sex tends to process mental states in a different manner. Lastly, this report will cover how rules incorporated in a boys’ and girls’ games affect their moral reasoning later in life, causing boys to lean towards law and justice while girls leaning towards empathy and relations. For further research, this subject matter aims to call into question the methods of how individuals may parent, educate, and support their children using advantages their daughter or son’s brain may provide in order to succeed in their present environment. Introduction Amidst the advancement of today’s technological innovations, researchers around the world were able to reveal nearly 100 major differences between male and female brains (Jantz, 2014, p. 2). Acknowledging these differences may â€Å"help you to understand how to best use the advantages your brain provides, what to be aware of around the disadvantages, and how to make changes that will enhance your ability to succeed in your present environment† (O’Brien, 2007, p. 4). Gender differences can be tremendously visible and viewed from various points, however, the discoveries encountered exceed past what the eye can see. Having said that, males and females tend to differ greatly in their brain, cognitive, social-emotional, and moral development. Gender Differences in Brain Development The brain of males and females differs in its structure, function and the method of processing information. These differences initiate prior to birth, for male and female brains distribute tasks to each hemisphere in a dissimilar arrangement (Jantz, 2014, p. 2). Considering this information, research has revealed that boys lean towards having a thicker right hemisphere as early as they are fetuses (Eliot, 1999, p. 434). The most evident dissimilarity found in the brain across genders is the overall size. Generally, the human brain tends to be 8% larger in males than females (Eliot, 1999, pp. 431-432), nonetheless, females have a noticeably larger hippocampus and splenium of the corpus callosum (Jantz, 2014, p. 2) (Eliot, 1999, p. 432). White and grey matter, tissues of the brain and spinal cord, are also used in different amounts across genders; male brains apply seven times more gray matter in their activities, whereas female brains make use of approximately ten times more white mat ter, which is due to more blood flow in female brains (Jantz, 2014, pp. 1-2). Although identical in makeup, the level of neurochemicals managed in human brains varies between sexes as well (Jantz, 2014, p. 1). It is also said to be that women’s brains are more symmetrical than men’s (Eliot, 1999, p. 432). Correspondingly, women tend to be at an advantage when it comes to linguistic skills because although verbal centers are commonly found in the left hemisphere, women generally have them on the right hemisphere as well (Jantz, 2014, p. 2). This cognitive ability, alongside others, is stated to be due to the dissimilar process in which the brains of men and women are wired. Gender Differences in Cognitive Development Owing to the fact that the sequence of development of the various brain regions differs in males and females, this aspect also affects various points related to cognitive development. In the initial days after birth, a girl’s left hemisphere is quicker to respond to verbal sounds than a boy’s (Eliot, 1999, p. 434). Later in life, women continue to clinch on to this quick response as they are quicker at alternating between tasks (Jantz, 2014, p. 1). Assessments have shown that females tend to attain a higher level in matching items and recalling details after reading paragraphs and stories better than males do (Kimura, 1999, p. 2). Additionally, verbal IQ tests indicate that girls are expected to be more advanced in linguistic abilities, whereas boys are more advantageous when it comes to visual and spatial tasks, such as mental rotation, navigation, mathematics, and science (Eliot, 1999, p. 430). Given these spatial and strengthened motor skills, men throughout evolutio n were chosen to hunt animals successfully as women spent most of their time nursing and caring for their children, thus enhancing their linguistic skills (Eliot, 1999, p. 431). Females may also excel in this field because they have more operative communication between both hemispheres, this enables them to involve both sides of their brain to the same degree for many types of activities (Eliot, 1999, p. 432). Visual-spatial coordination is increased in boys through their engagement in activities, such as pushing trucks around and kicking soccer balls. Whereas playing with dolls increases a girl’s verbal skills through social interaction sorts of pretense play (Eliot, 1999, p. 433). However, the causes of these differences in cognitive development do not end here. Visual-spatial abilities are also associated with levels of testosterone found in each sex. Poor ability is caused by very high or low levels of testosterone. Therefore, women with high testosterone levels and men w ith low testosterone levels do best on tests linked with visual-spatial abilities. This phase occurs in women before their ovulation, whereas it arises in men during the spring (Wade, n.d., p. 4). These testosterone levels and the abilities covered may not only demonstrate a difference in cognitive development, but also provide purpose to how one deals with society and emotions surrounding their environment. Gender Differences in Social-Emotional Development An evident gender difference recognized by many societies around the world is the social-emotional developmental aspect in both men and women. Many believe that females tend to be more emotional than males, however, studies have discovered that emotional instability not only occurs in women, but also in men at equivalent levels (Wade, n.d., p. 4). Given that girls are more verbally emotive and use the right and left hemispheres of their brains when reacting to emotional events, they are capable of describing their feelings at a more advanced level than boys, giving them an impression of being more sensitive (McBride, n.d., p. 3) (O’Brien, 2007, p. 3). On the other hand, throughout the process of analyzing emotive memory, men may unintentionally move on to other tasks that are unlinked to feelings, making it seem as though they are avoiding their emotions (Jantz, 2014, p. 2). Relating back to an earlier topic, male and female bodies contain the same hormones, but in different a mounts. That being said, men have more amounts of androgens while women have more amounts of estrogen hormones (Wade, n.d., p. 2). Relatively, women’s moods and choice of partners relates to hormones that manage their menstrual cycles (Wade, n.d., p. 4). Women with high estrogen levels have a tendency to be involved in peaceful relationships and upholding connections. Serotonin, a neurochemical that is responsible for one’s sense of calmness, desires and aggression levels, is discovered to be 30% more present in women than in men, which may also contribute to the peaceful relations some women may maintain (O’Brien, 2007, p. 4). However, aggression and sex drive are due to testosterone, an androgen hormone, which is found higher in level in men (Wade, n.d., p. 3). Testosterone in a teenage boy’s body also causes him the desire to be left alone and reduce any type of social activity, with the exception of sex and sports (O’Brien, 2007, p. 1). Due to how males process testosterone, they tend to be more impulsive, competitive, aggressive, and need different methods than girls to relief stress (Jantz, 2014, p. 2). However, statistics have also presented that women tend to be four times more anxious than men (O’Brien, 2007, p. 3). Therefore, when faced with anxiety, stress or fear, women tend to stick together by maintaining their social connection as a way of sponsoring a sense of safety (O’Brien, 2007, p. 1). As indicated, many of these social-emotional points are noted to be commonly different across women and men due to convincing developmental causes. Gender Differences in Moral Development One development difference that may not be as noticeable as the preceding matter is females and males’ moral reasoning. Kohlberg’s moral development theory states that moral reasoning is concerned with justice and consists of six developmental stages that are placed into three levels: pre-conventional morality, conventional morality, and post-conventional morality (HHG notes, 2014). By means of this theory, women are unlikely to be present at the sixth stage, generally fixed in stage three, where a person’s moral reasoning is governed by pleasing others in the society. During childhood, games played by males usually contain rules, which lead them to be more concerned with authorized rules and reasonable techniques when resolving any arguments and fights in the future. As for girls, it is more probable for them to end a game rather than continue it, for their relationships are more important to them. Unlike men and their rules, women base their moral reasoning and resolve moral dilemmas by relating their problems to their relation with the person, and giving thought to who will be least hurt in the process (Travis, 1982, p. 1). Correspondingly, Carol Gilligan, another theorists, states that females may reflect upon care, relationships, and connections, rather than justice and law, in their moral reasoning when faced with a moral dilemma (Donenberg Hoffman, 1988, p. 1). Gilligan found that women are placed at a lower level on Kohlberg’s scale than men because they put themselves in the place of the other person and account for the relation they have with that individual. On the other hand, men place higher because they detach themselves from society, making the process of relating to the dilemma that much easier (Donenberg Hoffman, 1988, p. 2). This is further proved when relating moral thinking to sexual behaviour and the outcome of it. For example, research states that when having sex, women think about the aftermath while men focu s on the activity itself. One may be able to indicate that females tend to believe that social hierarchies will ruin relationships, while males believe it will build them (McBride, n.d., p. 3). As a result, men and women seem to grow unalike when approaching a moral dilemma. Conclusion As with every other aspect of human development, researchers have proven many concrete and perceived differences across genders provided by variances found in their brain, cognitive, social-emotional, and moral development. The structure, function, and method of processing information are three of the many dissimilarities found in brains of men and women. On account of these differences, numerous cognitive ability variances, such as verbal skills favouring women and motor skills favouring men, arise. In addition, this verbal superiority reasons why many individuals believe that women tend to have an edge over men when regarding self-awareness, emotions, and empathy toward others. Consequently, unlike men, rather than forming their reasons by referring to the law, women tend to reflect upon social relations and connections. Therefore, â€Å"understanding gender differences from a neurological perspective not only opens the door to greater appreciation of the different genders, it als o calls into question how we parent, educate, and support our children from a young age† (Jantz, 2014, p. 2). References Donenberg, G. R. Hoffman, L. W. (1988). Gender differences in moral development. Sex Roles, Vol. 18. Retrieved from http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/45582/11199_2004_Article_BF00288055.pdf?sequence=1 Eliot, L. (1999). What’s going on in there? How the brain and mind develop in the first five years of life. United States: Bantam Books. Jantz, G. L. (2014, February 27). Brain differences between genders. Psychology Today. Retrieved from www.psychologytoday.com/blog/hope-relationships/201402/brain-differences-between-genders Kimura, D. (1999). Sex differences in the brain. Scientific America. Retrieved from http://www.ucd.ie/artspgs/langimp/genderbrain.pdf McBride, W. (n.d.). Boys will be boys, girls will be girls. Center for Recruitment and Retention of Mathematics Teachers. Retrieved from http://crr.math.arizona.edu/GenderKeynote.pdf O’Brien, G. (2007, Fall). Understanding ourselves: Gender differences in the brain. Columbia Consultancy. Retrieved from http://www.columbiaconsult.com/pubs/v52_fall07.html Travis, C. (1982, May 2). Women and men and morality. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/1982/05/02/books/women-and-men-and-morality.html Wade, L. (n.d.). The new science of sex differences. WordPress. Retrieved from http://lisawadedotcom.files.wordpress.com/2011/02/wade-forthcoming-the-new-science-of-sex-differences.pdf

The Contributions of Adam Smith and John M Keynes to the Study of Economics :: Adam Smith, John M Keynes

Adam Smith was the founder of economics, as we know it today. His thoughts have shaped modern ideas about the market economy and the role of the state in relation to it. Smith laid the intellectual framework that explained the free market (which still holds true today) and laissez-faire. Both are connected with the underlying theme of economic growth. Smith's analysis is not confined to showing the interrelation between the different elements of a continually maintained system. It also explains how the system can generate the continual accumulation of wealth. And since, according to Smith, this process is most successful when left to the play of natural forces, his analysis leads him to urge governments to let well alone. Laissez-faire government believes commerce and trade should be permitted to operate free of controls of any kind; there should be no tariffs or other barriers. The direct translation from the French language is â€Å"leave alone to do†, which is self-explanatory. He is most often recognized for the expression "the invisible hand," which he used to demonstrate how self-interest guides the most efficient use of resources in a nation's economy, with public welfare coming as a by-product. It simply encourages businesses to provide what consumers want and at the same time it discourages government involvement. He believed that the only responsibilities of the government should be to define property rights, set up honest courts, impose minor taxes and subsides to compensate for well defined and narrowly specified â€Å"market failures†. To underscore his laissez-faire convictions, Smith argued that state and personal efforts, to promote social good are ineffectual compared to unbridled market forces. Adam Smith explained that a monopoly charges any price that it chooses, robs consumers and makes countries less efficient and poorer. Competition, he said, means that businesses try to charge the lowest price possible, so consumers get maximum value for money. If they can buy more, they support more jobs in the economy and the country grows richer. Without the police stopping competition, he said, monopolies cannot survive for long. Around the world today, government monopolies and other bad practices are under major assault from Adam Smith's ideas. Adam Smith believed that strong government was a great necessity, particularly to create and enforce laws and to ensure justice. He believed in a democratic partnership between government and the people, but knew that each should do what it does best - businessmen should not control the justice system, nor should government try to run businesses.